Pyrrho

Pyrrho of Elis was an ancient Greek philosopher whose skeptical outlook inspired the tradition later called Pyrrhonism. No writings by him survive, and accounts of his ideas come from later authors.

Timon of Phlius: An ancient Greek philosopher and poet who followed Pyrrho and presented his ideas in verse. His writings provide an early account of Pyrrho’s skeptical outlook.
Skepticism: A philosophical approach that examines whether claims to knowledge are justified. Pyrrho’s legacy became one of antiquity’s major skeptical traditions.
Elis: An ancient Greek city in the western Peloponnese and the center of the region of the same name. Pyrrho was born in this city, according to the biographical tradition.
Stoicism: An ancient Greek and Roman philosophy that locates virtue in rational agreement with nature. Stoic epistemology defended reliable impressions, against the skeptical challenge to certainty.
Sextus Empiricus: A Greek physician and philosopher whose surviving works are the fullest ancient presentation of Pyrrhonian skepticism. His later system preserves the tradition associated with Pyrrho.
Epoché: The suspension of judgment when opposing claims appear equally persuasive. Later Pyrrhonians treated suspension as the practical response to conflicting appearances.
Alexander the Great: King of Macedon whose campaigns created an empire across the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia. Later biographies say Pyrrho traveled east with Alexander’s expedition.
Epicureanism: An ancient philosophy that identifies pleasure, understood chiefly as freedom from pain, as the highest good. Epicureans trusted sensory evidence more than Pyrrhonian skeptics did.
Diogenes Laërtius: An ancient biographer of Greek philosophers, known for Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers. His biography transmits many stories about Pyrrho, though written centuries later.
Ataraxia: A state of freedom from disturbance or mental agitation sought by several ancient philosophies. Ancient accounts connect skeptical suspension with tranquility.

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