Knowra Q source Q source Q is a hypothetical written collection of sayings used by the authors of Matthew and Luke, proposed to explain material they share that is absent from Mark.
Two-source hypothesis : A theory that Matthew and Luke independently used Mark and a sayings source, commonly identified as Q. It places Q alongside Mark as a shared source for Matthew and Luke.
Synoptic Gospels : Matthew, Mark, and Luke, whose overlapping accounts permit comparison of their wording and structure. Q is inferred from similarities among these three Gospels.
Sermon on the Mount : Matthew’s extended collection of Jesus’s teachings, including the Beatitudes and the Lord’s Prayer. Much of its teaching has parallels in Luke and is often assigned to Q.
Augustinian hypothesis : A theory that Matthew was written first, followed by Mark and then Luke. Its Gospel order differs from the Mark-first framework underlying the standard Q proposal.
Synoptic problem : The question of how the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke are literarily related. Q is one proposed solution to this problem of shared wording and narrative.
Double tradition : Material found in both Matthew and Luke but absent from Mark. This shared material is the main body scholars assign to Q.
Sermon on the Plain : Luke’s collection of Jesus’s teachings beginning with blessings and woes. Its overlap with Matthew’s sermon supplies a prominent cluster of proposed Q sayings.
Griesbach hypothesis : A theory that Luke used Matthew and Mark used both Matthew and Luke. It accounts for Synoptic relationships without requiring Q.
Gospel of Mark : The earliest surviving canonical Gospel, widely dated to the first century CE. The two-source hypothesis treats Mark as a source used independently by Matthew and Luke.
Triple tradition : Material shared by Matthew, Mark, and Luke, often with close verbal agreement. Unlike the double tradition, this material does not require Q to explain its presence.
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