Quakerism

Quakerism is a Christian movement whose members, called Friends, emphasize direct experience of God, spiritual equality, and worship that may be conducted in silence.

Inner Light: The Quaker belief that God’s presence can guide and illuminate every person. It grounds the movement’s trust in direct spiritual experience.
George Fox: An English religious leader who helped found the Quaker movement in the mid-seventeenth century. His preaching and spiritual convictions shaped the earliest Friends.
Programmed worship: A Christian service organized around a planned order, often including a sermon, hymns, and clergy-led elements. Many Friends use this format, unlike unprogrammed meetings centered on silence.
American Friends Service Committee: A Quaker-founded organization that conducts humanitarian and peace work. It applies Quaker commitments through relief, advocacy, and conflict-related programs.
Pennsylvania: A US state founded as a proprietary colony by William Penn in 1681. Penn’s Quaker ideals shaped the colony’s early government and policies.
Quaker meeting for worship: A Quaker gathering for worship, often centered on silence and spoken ministry. It is the characteristic setting for listening and speaking as led.
Margaret Fell: An early Quaker leader who supported the movement and defended women’s ministry. Her home and advocacy helped sustain the growing movement.
Unprogrammed worship: A Quaker worship gathering without a set service, in which participants sit in silence and may speak when moved. It is the familiar silent form, but not the only Quaker worship tradition.
Quaker peace testimony: The Quaker commitment to oppose war and seek peaceful ways to resolve conflict. It is a defining example of belief expressed through public action.
William Penn: An English Quaker leader who founded Pennsylvania as a colony in 1681. He gave Quaker political ideals an influential colonial experiment.

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