Quantum teleportation

Quantum teleportation is a protocol that transfers an unknown quantum state using shared entanglement and classical communication. It destroys the original state and does not transmit matter or information faster than light.

Bell state: A maximally entangled state of two qubits, with correlations that cannot be explained by separate pure states. The protocol begins with a shared pair in one of these entangled states.
Quantum state: A mathematical description of a quantum system’s possible measurement outcomes and their probabilities. Teleportation transfers this description rather than a particle or physical object.
Charles H. Bennett: An American physicist whose work helped establish quantum information theory and cryptography. He coauthored the 1993 paper that introduced quantum teleportation.
Quantum repeater: A device or protocol that extends quantum communication by linking entanglement across shorter segments. Teleportation can move states through a repeater network without directly amplifying unknown quantum signals.
Quantum teleportation without entanglement: A proposed state-transfer task performed without shared entanglement, which cannot achieve perfect universal teleportation. Shared entanglement is the resource that distinguishes the standard protocol from classical strategies.
Bell-state measurement: A joint measurement that distinguishes the four maximally entangled states of two qubits. This measurement links the unknown input to the sender’s half of the shared pair.
Qubit: A two-level quantum system whose state can be a superposition of two basis states. The simplest version of the protocol transfers one unknown qubit.
1993 quantum teleportation proposal: A protocol published by Charles Bennett and collaborators for transferring an unknown quantum state using entanglement and classical communication. This paper established the protocol’s defining operations and resource requirements.
Quantum network: A network that connects quantum devices through quantum channels and shared entanglement. Teleportation provides a basic way to transfer states between network nodes.
Quantum state transfer: The transfer of a quantum state between systems through direct interactions or communication channels. Direct state transfer is a broader alternative that need not use teleportation’s measurement-and-correction sequence.

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