Knowra Queen Anne Queen Anne Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1702, and of Great Britain from 1707, until her death in 1714. Her reign saw the union of England and Scotland and major shifts in party politics.
Acts of Union 1707 : Legislation that united the kingdoms of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The union transformed Anne from queen of separate kingdoms into monarch of Great Britain.
Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough : An English courtier and political figure who was a close friend and confidante of Queen Anne. Her rupture with Anne helped end her influence at court.
James II of England : The last Catholic monarch to rule England, Scotland, and Ireland, deposed in the Glorious Revolution. Anne was his younger daughter, but the revolution changed the succession she could inherit.
Kingdom of Great Britain : The state formed in 1707 by the political union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland. It was the new kingdom over which Anne ruled during the last seven years of her reign.
Mary II of England : Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689 to 1694, ruling jointly with William III. Mary shared sovereignty with her husband, unlike Anne’s sole rule.
War of the Spanish Succession : A European conflict from 1701 to 1714 over who would inherit the Spanish throne and its empire. Britain fought this costly war throughout most of Anne’s reign.
John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough : An English soldier and statesman who commanded allied forces in the War of the Spanish Succession. Anne’s reign brought his military victories and political rise.
Glorious Revolution : The 1688–1689 overthrow of James II and accession of William III and Mary II. It placed Anne in the Protestant line of succession and reshaped monarchy’s relation to Parliament.
British Parliament : The legislature of the Kingdom of Great Britain, created by the union of the English and Scottish parliaments in 1707. Its creation made the union a governing institution, not merely a dynastic arrangement.
William III of England : The Dutch-born king who ruled England, Scotland, and Ireland alongside Mary II and alone after her death. William’s reign preceded Anne’s and offers a contrast in monarch, court, and political leadership.
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