Quotation

A quotation reproduces another source’s exact words, usually with quotation marks or another clear boundary and an attribution.

Quotation marks: Punctuation marks that enclose quoted words in many writing systems. They commonly mark where a quotation begins and ends.
Academic writing: Writing that presents and develops knowledge through scholarly methods and conventions. Academic writers quote sources as evidence and engage with prior arguments.
Plagiarism: The presentation of another person’s words or ideas as one’s own without proper acknowledgment. A quotation identifies borrowed wording; plagiarism conceals or misrepresents its source.
Copyright: A legal system granting creators exclusive rights over certain uses of their original works. Copying protected wording can implicate copyright, even when it is attributed.
Citation: A reference identifying the source of borrowed information or ideas. A citation lets a quotation be traced to its source.
Legal citation: The practice of identifying legal authorities and their locations in legal documents. Legal arguments often reproduce authoritative statutory or judicial language.
Allusion: An indirect reference to a person, work, or event without explicitly explaining the connection. An allusion evokes a source without reproducing its exact words.
Attribution: The identification of a work, idea, or statement with its source or creator. Attribution tells whose words a quotation reproduces.
Direct speech: A grammatical presentation of someone’s words as spoken, often using quotation marks. Direct speech may reproduce utterances, while quotation also reproduces written sources.
Journalism: The practice of gathering, verifying, and reporting information about events and issues. Journalists use quotations to report statements and preserve sources’ wording.

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