Quranic exegesis

Quranic exegesis is the interpretation of the Quran through linguistic, historical, theological, and spiritual methods. It includes both transmitted reports and reasoned analysis.

Tafsir bi al-ma'thur: Quranic interpretation grounded primarily in transmitted reports from the Quran, Muhammad, and early Muslim authorities. It privileges inherited reports over independent reasoning when explaining verses.
Quran: The central scripture of Islam, regarded by Muslims as revelation from God to Muhammad. Exegesis takes the Quran's text as its object and primary source.
Muhammad: The religious and political leader regarded by Muslims as God's final prophet. Reports of his explanations became foundational evidence for interpreting the Quran.
Tawil: An interpretive practice that seeks deeper or non-apparent meanings in scriptural language. Its distinction from tafsir is debated and often marks differences in interpretive ambition.
Tafsir bi al-ra'y: Quranic interpretation that relies on disciplined reasoning alongside textual and transmitted evidence. It shows how interpreters use judgment rather than relying exclusively on reports.
Hadith: Reports about Muhammad's words, actions, and approvals, transmitted through chains of narrators. Hadith reports supply a major body of evidence used to interpret verses.
Companions of the Prophet: The early Muslims who knew Muhammad and transmitted accounts of his teachings and community. Their explanations and reports formed an early layer of Quranic interpretation.
Ismaili esotericism: A tradition of Islamic thought that interprets scripture through layered meanings and authoritative inner teachings. It offers a distinctive esoteric approach to Quranic meaning.
Asbab al-nuzul: Reports describing the circumstances associated with the revelation of particular Quranic passages. Revelation contexts can clarify why a verse addressed a particular issue.
Tajwid: The rules governing correct pronunciation and recitation of the Quran. Recitation traditions preserve distinctions relevant to how Quranic wording is heard.

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