Qutb al-Din Aibak

Qutb al-Din Aibak was a Ghurid military commander who became the first sultan of Delhi after Muhammad of Ghor’s death in 1206.

Ghurid dynasty: A medieval dynasty based in Ghor that expanded across parts of Afghanistan, Iran, and northern India. Aibak served this dynasty before establishing independent rule in Delhi.
Iltutmish: Aibak's successor in Delhi, who consolidated the early Mamluk Sultanate. His stronger central rule turned Aibak's fragile foundation into a durable sultanate.
Delhi Sultanate: A succession of Muslim-ruled states in northern India from the thirteenth to the sixteenth century. Aibak's rule is conventionally treated as its beginning.
Qutb Minar: A monumental minaret in Delhi begun under Qutb al-Din Aibak and completed by later rulers. Its construction is the most visible architectural project associated with his reign.
Muhammad of Ghor: A Ghurid ruler whose campaigns extended Ghurid power into northern India. Aibak rose as his military commander and inherited authority after his death.
Taj al-Din Yildiz: A Ghurid commander who ruled Ghazni and contested authority over former Ghurid territories. His rivalry with Aibak tested who could inherit Muhammad of Ghor's dominions.
Mamluk dynasty of Delhi: The first ruling dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, founded by former military slaves and their successors. Aibak established the dynasty, also called the Slave dynasty.
Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque: A mosque in Delhi built in the late twelfth century within the Qutb complex. Aibak commissioned this mosque as an early statement of Ghurid rule in Delhi.
Ghurid invasions of India: Military campaigns by Ghurid rulers that established lasting power in northern India. These campaigns created the political foothold Aibak later governed.
Nasir ad-Din Qabacha: A Ghurid military commander who ruled parts of Sindh and Punjab after Muhammad of Ghor's death. His competing rule shows how fragmented Ghurid authority became after 1206.

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