Knowra Radiation (physics) Radiation (physics) Radiation is energy transmitted through space or matter as electromagnetic waves or moving particles. It includes phenomena ranging from radio waves and visible light to alpha particles and cosmic rays.
Electromagnetic radiation : Energy propagated through space or matter by oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Light, radio waves, and X-rays are radiation carried by electromagnetic fields.
Black-body radiation : Electromagnetic radiation emitted by an idealized object whose spectrum depends only on its temperature. It shows how thermal motion produces a predictable spectrum of radiation.
Medical imaging : Techniques that create images of internal structures using physical signals such as X-rays, sound, or magnetic fields. X-ray imaging uses penetrating electromagnetic radiation to reveal internal anatomy.
Conduction : Energy transfer through a material by microscopic interactions, without bulk movement of the material. Conduction transfers heat through matter rather than by traveling radiation.
Greenhouse effect : The warming of a planet's surface and lower atmosphere as gases absorb and re-emit infrared radiation. Atmospheric radiation absorption helps determine Earth's surface temperature.
Particle radiation : Energy transported by moving particles, such as electrons, protons, or atomic nuclei. It distinguishes radiation carried by matter from radiation carried by electromagnetic waves.
Bremsstrahlung : Electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle accelerates, especially as it is deflected by another charged particle. It is a direct mechanism for producing radiation from changing particle motion.
Radiation therapy : Medical treatment that uses ionizing radiation to damage or destroy cancer cells. It exploits radiation's ability to deposit energy in tissue.
Convection : Heat transfer by the bulk movement of fluids such as liquids and gases. Unlike radiation, convection requires moving material and cannot carry heat through a vacuum.
Radiation exposure : The amount of ionizing radiation reaching a person or material over a period. Exposure connects physical radiation fields to potential biological and material effects.
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