Radiography

Radiography uses X-rays to create images of structures inside the body. Differences in how tissues absorb X-rays produce the image’s contrast.

X-ray: A form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than ultraviolet light. Radiography uses X-rays because they penetrate tissue while being absorbed in different amounts.
Chest radiography: Radiographic imaging of the chest, commonly used to assess the lungs, heart, and thoracic structures. It is a common application for detecting lung disease and checking medical devices.
Electromagnetic spectrum: The full range of electromagnetic radiation, ordered by frequency or wavelength. X-rays occupy the high-frequency region used in radiographic imaging.
Radiation protection: Practices that limit harmful exposure to ionizing radiation while preserving necessary benefits. Radiographic examinations require exposure to be justified and kept as low as practicable.
X-ray attenuation: The reduction in an X-ray beam’s intensity as it passes through matter. Differences in attenuation create the brightness differences that reveal anatomy.
Dental radiography: Radiographic imaging of the teeth and jaws. It reveals tooth roots, bone, and structures hidden from direct examination.
Ionizing radiation: Radiation energetic enough to remove electrons from atoms or molecules. X-rays can ionize tissue, linking image formation to radiation safety.
Radiation dose: A measure of energy deposited by ionizing radiation in matter or tissue. Dose quantifies the radiation exposure associated with an examination.
Photoelectric effect: An interaction in which a photon transfers its energy to an electron, ejecting it from an atom. This interaction contributes strongly to contrast between bone and soft tissue.
Mammography: X-ray imaging of the breast used for screening and diagnosis. It applies specialized radiographic techniques to detect breast abnormalities.

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