Radiology

Radiology is the medical specialty that uses imaging technologies to diagnose disease and guide or deliver treatment. It includes diagnostic imaging and image-guided interventions.

X-ray: A form of electromagnetic radiation used to create images by passing through the body and being absorbed to different degrees. Projection radiography and computed tomography both derive contrast from how tissues attenuate X-rays.
Radiography: Imaging that records how X-rays pass through the body onto a detector. It is the simplest projection-based imaging method used in radiology.
Chest radiography: X-ray imaging of the chest used to assess the lungs, heart, airways, and surrounding structures. It is a common first-line examination for respiratory and cardiac symptoms.
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen: The physicist who discovered X-rays in 1895. His discovery created the first widely useful method for imaging internal anatomy.
Pathology: The medical specialty that studies disease through tissue, cells, and bodily fluids. Pathology often diagnoses disease from specimens, while radiology evaluates images of the body.
Magnetic resonance imaging: An imaging method that uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency pulses to produce detailed images, especially of soft tissues. It provides strong soft-tissue contrast without using ionizing radiation.
Magnetic resonance imaging physics: The physical principles governing how magnetic resonance signals are generated, encoded, and converted into images. Signal generation and spatial encoding explain MRI's contrast and image artifacts.
Mammography: Low-dose X-ray imaging of the breast used to detect and evaluate breast abnormalities. Breast imaging is a major screening and diagnostic application of radiology.
Marie Curie: A physicist and chemist whose research on radioactivity advanced the study and medical use of radioactive substances. Her work helped establish the scientific foundations of radionuclide imaging and treatment.
Nuclear medicine physician: A physician specializing in diagnosis and treatment using radioactive materials and molecular imaging. The specialty overlaps with radiology but centers on radiotracers and their biological behavior.

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