Ratio

A ratio compares two quantities by division, expressing how many times one quantity contains or corresponds to another.

Division: An arithmetic operation that partitions a quantity or determines how many times one quantity contains another. Division is the operation that turns two quantities into a ratio.
Equivalent ratio: A ratio with the same value as another, formed by multiplying or dividing both terms by the same nonzero number. Equivalent ratios preserve the comparison while changing the numbers used to express it.
Rate: A ratio comparing quantities measured in different units, often across time or distance. Rates are ratios with unlike units, such as distance per unit of time.
Difference: A quantity obtained by subtracting one number or measurement from another. A difference measures additive separation, whereas a ratio measures multiplicative comparison.
Fraction: A number written as one integer divided by another nonzero integer, or a more general quotient. A ratio can be written as a fraction, though not every fraction compares two measured quantities.
Simplification of fractions: The process of rewriting a fraction in lowest terms by dividing its numerator and denominator by a common factor. Reducing both terms by a common factor gives a simpler expression of the same ratio.
Aspect ratio: The proportional relationship between the width and height of an image, screen, or shape. An aspect ratio preserves a width-to-height comparison when an image is resized.
Percentage: A way of expressing a number as a fraction of 100. A percentage compares a quantity with 100, while a general ratio need not use that reference.
Proportion: An equation stating that two ratios are equal. Proportions use ratios to express equality between comparisons.
Dimensional analysis: A method that uses units to check or derive relationships among physical quantities. Unit cancellation shows whether a ratio is dimensionless or retains units.

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