Ravi River
The Ravi is a transboundary river flowing through India and Pakistan. It is one of the five rivers of Punjab and a tributary of the Chenab.
Chenab River: A major river of Punjab that joins the Sutlej in Pakistan to form the Panjnad. The Ravi flows into the Chenab, carrying its waters into the Indus river system.
Rigveda: An ancient Sanskrit collection of hymns and one of the foundational texts of Hinduism. The Ravi is commonly associated with the Vedic river Parushni, named in the text.
Indus Waters Treaty: A 1960 treaty between India and Pakistan allocating the waters of the Indus river system. The treaty assigns the Ravi and the other eastern rivers primarily to India's use.
River pollution in Lahore: The contamination of waterways around Lahore by untreated sewage and industrial waste. Waste entering the Ravi near Lahore has severely degraded water quality.
Beas River: A river rising in Himachal Pradesh that joins the Sutlej in Punjab, India. The Beas is a neighboring eastern river, but unlike the Ravi it joins the Sutlej directly.
Dhauladhar Range: A Himalayan mountain range in Himachal Pradesh, India, rising north of the Kangra Valley. The Ravi's headwaters rise in the Himalayan region near this range.
Battle of the Ten Kings: A battle described in the Rigveda between King Sudas and a confederation of rival tribes. The battle is traditionally located on the Parushni, identified with the Ravi.
Ravi-Beas Link: An Indian water-transfer project that diverts Ravi water toward the Beas basin. The link moves water from the Ravi system into another river basin for use in India.
Environmental flow: The quantity, timing, and quality of water flows needed to sustain freshwater ecosystems. Diversions and dams make ecological flows a central concern for the Ravi.
Sutlej River: The longest of the five Punjab rivers, flowing from Tibet through India and Pakistan. The Sutlej is another eastern river allocated to India under the treaty, but it is larger and follows a different course.