Reagent

A reagent is a substance used to cause, detect, measure, or study a chemical reaction. It may be consumed, transformed, or remain chemically unchanged during its use.

Tollens' reagent: An ammoniacal silver(I) solution that oxidizes aldehydes and deposits metallic silver. It detects aldehydes through a visible silver mirror.
Nucleophile: An electron-pair donor that forms a bond to an electron-poor center. Many reagents act by donating an electron pair to a reaction partner.
Chemical reaction: A process in which atoms or molecules are rearranged into different chemical substances. Reagents are defined by their role in bringing about or probing reactions.
Analytical reagent: A reagent with specified purity suitable for chemical analysis. Its controlled quality supports reliable identification and measurement.
Benedict's reagent: An alkaline copper(II) solution used to test for reducing sugars. Its color change links a reagent to a simple chemical assay.
Electrophile: An electron-pair acceptor that forms a bond with a nucleophile. Electrophilic reagents accept electron density to make or break bonds.
Reactant: A starting substance consumed or transformed in a chemical reaction. The term overlaps with reagent but emphasizes a substance's place in the reaction equation.
Laboratory reagent: A chemical supplied for use in laboratory procedures. The label describes intended laboratory use, not a single reaction mechanism.
Ninhydrin: A compound that reacts with amino acids to produce colored products. It reveals amino acids in chromatograms and biological samples.
Oxidizing agent: A substance that accepts electrons and is reduced during a redox reaction. Oxidizing reagents change reaction partners by taking electrons.

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