Red River of the North

The Red River of the North flows north from the confluence of the Bois de Sioux and Otter Tail rivers, along the North Dakota–Minnesota border and through Manitoba to Lake Winnipeg.

Red River Valley: A broad, flat plain extending along the Red River of the North in North Dakota, Minnesota, and Manitoba. The river occupies this low-relief corridor, a former lake bed that magnifies flood impacts.
Glacial Lake Agassiz: A large ice-dammed lake that covered parts of North America during the late Pleistocene. Its retreat left the plain that channels the river’s present course.
Louis Riel: A Métis leader who headed resistance movements in the Red River and Saskatchewan regions of Canada. His leadership in the Red River Resistance centered on the river’s historic settlement.
Red River of the North navigation: Commercial and recreational boat travel on the Red River of the North. The river has served as a transport route, though its shallow, variable channel limits navigation.
Red River (South): A major tributary of the Mississippi River that forms part of the Texas–Oklahoma boundary. It shares the Red River name but lies far south and drains to the Gulf of Mexico.
Red River flood: A flood of the Red River of the North, often caused by spring snowmelt flowing over frozen ground. The river’s northward flow carries meltwater toward colder areas where ice and snow persist.
Glacial Lake Winnipeg: A prehistoric lake that occupied the Winnipeg basin after the last continental ice sheet retreated. Its former basin became the receiving end of the river’s northward route.
Red River Resistance: A 1869–1870 Métis-led movement that negotiated Manitoba’s entry into Canadian Confederation. It unfolded at the river’s settlement and transformed political control of the surrounding region.
Red River Valley agriculture: Agriculture practiced on the fertile, predominantly flat soils of the Red River Valley. The valley’s rich lake-bed soils support extensive crop production along the river.
Assiniboine River: A Canadian river that flows east through Saskatchewan and Manitoba to meet the Red River at Winnipeg. It joins the Red River at Winnipeg rather than flowing north from the United States.

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