Regenerative medicine

Regenerative medicine develops therapies to repair, replace, or regenerate damaged cells, tissues, and organs, using approaches such as cell therapy, biomaterials, and tissue engineering.

Stem cell therapy: A treatment strategy that uses stem cells or their derivatives to repair or replace damaged tissue. It supplies cells intended to restore tissue or influence the body's repair response.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A treatment that replaces blood-forming stem cells after disease or intensive therapy. It is a long-established cell-based therapy that rebuilds the blood and immune systems.
Stem cell: An undifferentiated cell capable of self-renewal and of producing one or more specialized cell types. Stem cells provide renewable sources of cells for many regenerative strategies.
Organ transplantation: The surgical transfer of an organ from a donor to a recipient to replace organ function. It replaces a whole organ, whereas regenerative approaches aim to restore tissue or create substitutes.
Tissue engineering: The design of biological substitutes using cells, materials, and biochemical or mechanical signals. It combines living cells with structures and signals to build replacement tissue.
Skin graft: A section of skin transferred to cover a wound or replace lost skin. Grafts demonstrate tissue replacement in routine treatment of severe wounds.
Differentiation: The process by which a cell acquires specialized structure and function. Therapeutic cells must often differentiate into the precise types a damaged tissue needs.
Prosthesis: An artificial device that replaces or supports a missing or impaired body part. A prosthesis restores function mechanically rather than regenerating living tissue.
Organoid: A three-dimensional, self-organizing cell culture that models selected features of an organ. Organoids show how stem cells can form organized, tissue-like structures.
Cartilage repair: Treatments that restore damaged articular cartilage, often using cells, scaffolds, or surgical techniques. Cartilage has limited self-repair, making it a major target for regenerative strategies.

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