Regurgitation

Regurgitation is the passive return of material from the digestive tract through the mouth, without the forceful abdominal contractions typical of vomiting.

Lower esophageal sphincter: A ring of smooth muscle at the stomach–esophagus junction that normally limits reflux. Failure of this barrier allows stomach contents to rise toward the mouth.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease: A chronic condition in which reflux causes troublesome symptoms or complications. Repeated regurgitation is a characteristic symptom of this disease.
Esophagus: The muscular tube that carries food and liquid from the throat to the stomach. It is the passage through which regurgitated material commonly travels.
Esophagitis: Inflammation of the esophageal lining, often caused by repeated exposure to refluxed stomach contents. Repeated acid exposure associated with regurgitation can inflame the esophagus.
Mucus: A slippery secretion produced by mucous membranes that protects and lubricates body surfaces. Mucus brought up from the airways is not digestive material regurgitated from the stomach.
Esophageal peristalsis: Coordinated muscular contractions that move swallowed material from the throat to the stomach. Impaired clearance can leave material in the esophagus to return upward.
Achalasia: An esophageal motility disorder in which the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax normally. Food may collect in the esophagus and later return to the mouth.
Stomach: A muscular digestive organ that stores food and begins its chemical breakdown. Stomach contents can move backward into the esophagus and mouth.
Barrett's esophagus: A change in the esophageal lining associated with long-standing gastroesophageal reflux. Chronic reflux accompanying regurgitation can contribute to this tissue change.
Hemoptysis: The coughing up of blood originating from the respiratory tract. Blood coughed from the lungs follows a different route from digestive regurgitation.

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