Remix culture

Remix culture is a practice of creating new works by reusing and transforming existing cultural material. It spans activities such as sampling, parody, fan production, and digital collage.

Sampling (music): The reuse of recorded sound in a new musical composition. Musical sampling makes reuse audible by placing recorded fragments in new rhythmic and expressive settings.
Dada: An early twentieth-century avant-garde movement that challenged artistic conventions through absurdity and experimentation. Dada artists used collage and readymades to unsettle ideas of originality and authorship.
Marcel Duchamp: A French artist whose readymades and conceptual works challenged conventional definitions of art. Duchamp’s readymades foregrounded selection and context as forms of artistic authorship.
Fan fiction: Fiction written by fans that uses characters, settings, or worlds from existing works. Fan fiction transforms established story worlds through new plots and perspectives.
Copyright: A legal system granting creators and rights holders control over specified uses of original works. Copyright can restrict the copying and transformation that remix practices depend on.
Mashup (culture): A work that combines elements from two or more existing works. Mashups show how juxtaposition can create meaning without hiding the sources.
Readymade: An ordinary manufactured object presented as art with little or no modification. The readymade made selection and reframing, rather than fabrication, an artistic act.
John Oswald: A Canadian composer and sound artist known for the Plunderphonics project and writings on musical appropriation. Oswald named and practiced a form of composition built from appropriated recordings.
Fan art: Artwork created by fans that depicts or reinterprets characters and worlds from existing media. Fan art makes participatory reinterpretation visible across visual styles and communities.
Fair use: A United States copyright doctrine that permits certain unlicensed uses after a contextual, multi-factor assessment. Fair use can protect some transformative remixes, but does not automatically cover them.

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