Knowra Remote sensing Remote sensing Remote sensing acquires information about objects or areas without physical contact, typically by measuring reflected or emitted energy from aircraft or satellites.
Electromagnetic spectrum : The full range of electromagnetic radiation, ordered by frequency or wavelength. Remote sensors measure selected portions of this spectrum, from visible light to microwaves.
Image classification : The assignment of image pixels or objects to categories based on their measured features. It converts spectral and spatial patterns into land-cover labels.
Earth observation : The collection and analysis of information about Earth’s surface, oceans, atmosphere, and changing systems. Remote sensing supplies much of the repeated, large-area data used to observe Earth.
Aerial photography : The capture of photographs from aircraft or other elevated platforms. It is a visual imaging approach whose capabilities depend on photographic wavelengths and platform choices.
Radiative transfer : The propagation of electromagnetic radiation through and between materials, including absorption, emission, and scattering. Atmospheres and surfaces alter the signal before it reaches a sensor.
Change detection : The identification of differences in observations of the same area at different times. Repeated remote observations reveal changes in land cover, hazards, and human activity.
Land cover : The physical material present at Earth’s surface, such as forest, water, crops, or built structures. Remote imagery is widely used to map how surface cover is distributed and changing.
In situ measurement : Direct measurement made at the location where the target or process occurs. It provides local contact-based observations that can validate or complement remote measurements.
Spectral signature : A characteristic pattern of electromagnetic response across wavelengths for a material or object. Differences in measured spectra help distinguish vegetation, water, soil, and other targets.
Photogrammetry : The science of deriving measurements and three-dimensional information from photographs. Overlapping aerial images provide geometry and elevation as well as visual records.
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