Reproduction (biology)

Reproduction is the biological process by which organisms produce offspring, sexually or asexually. It transmits genetic information and enables lineages to continue across generations.

Sexual reproduction: Reproduction in which gametes fuse, typically combining genetic material from two parents. It produces offspring through gamete formation and fertilization.
Gamete: A reproductive cell, usually haploid, that can fuse with another gamete during fertilization. Gametes are the cells that unite in sexual reproduction.
Fertility: The capacity to produce offspring. Fertility describes reproductive capacity in organisms and populations.
K-selection: An ecological strategy associated with producing fewer offspring and investing more resources in each. It contrasts with high-output strategies in offspring number and parental investment.
Asexual reproduction: Reproduction in which offspring arise without the fusion of gametes. It produces offspring from one parent without fertilization.
Zygote: The cell formed when two gametes fuse during fertilization. It is the first cell of many sexually produced organisms.
In vitro fertilization: A procedure in which eggs are fertilized by sperm outside the body and embryos may be transferred to a uterus. It applies reproductive processes to help achieve pregnancy.
r-selection: An ecological strategy associated with producing many offspring, often with limited investment in each. It contrasts with high-investment strategies in offspring number and survival.
Meiosis: A cell division process that reduces chromosome number and produces haploid cells. It creates haploid gametes for many forms of sexual reproduction.
DNA: A molecule that stores hereditary information in most living organisms. DNA carries much of the information transmitted to offspring.

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