Reproductive system

A set of organs and tissues that produces gametes, enables fertilization, and supports reproduction. Its structures vary widely across species and reproductive strategies.

Gamete: A reproductive cell that fuses with another cell during fertilization to form a zygote. Gametes are the cells the reproductive system produces for sexual reproduction.
Spermatogenesis: The process by which sperm cells develop from precursor cells in the testes. It describes how the male reproductive system continually produces sperm.
Infertility: A condition in which conception does not occur after a period of regular unprotected intercourse. It can result from dysfunction in either partner’s reproductive system.
External fertilization: Fertilization in which gametes unite outside the parents’ bodies. It contrasts with systems that bring gametes together inside an organism.
Sexual reproduction: Reproduction involving the fusion of gametes, typically from two parents. Reproductive systems commonly enable this mode of producing offspring.
Gonad: An organ that produces gametes and, in many animals, reproductive hormones. Gonads are the primary sites of gamete production in animal reproductive systems.
Oogenesis: The process by which egg cells develop from precursor cells in the ovaries. It explains how the female reproductive system produces and matures eggs.
Assisted reproductive technology: Medical procedures that handle eggs, sperm, or embryos to help achieve pregnancy. These treatments work around or support reproductive processes.
Internal fertilization: Fertilization in which gametes unite within a parent’s reproductive tract. It depends on reproductive anatomy that transfers or receives gametes internally.
Sex determination: The biological processes that establish an organism’s sex. Sex determination shapes reproductive development in many species.

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