Reputation

Reputation is the collective judgment of a person or group formed from perceived qualities and past conduct. It shapes expectations and can affect trust, relationships, and opportunities.

Social evaluation: The process of judging people or groups against shared standards and expectations. Repeated evaluations by others accumulate into judgments that persist beyond individual encounters.
Trust: A willingness to accept vulnerability based on positive expectations about another party's intentions or conduct. A favorable reputation can support trust when direct evidence is limited.
First impression: An initial judgment formed about a person or situation during a first encounter. A reputation extends beyond the immediate impression by aggregating reports and past conduct.
Reputational capital: The accumulated value of favorable judgments that can support influence, cooperation, or economic opportunity. A good reputation can function as an asset that lowers barriers to future dealings.
Signaling theory: The study of how observable actions or traits convey information about qualities that are otherwise difficult to assess. Conduct and costly signals can lead others to infer traits that shape reputation.
Repeated game: A game in which the same participants interact more than once. The prospect of future interactions makes reputation valuable for sustaining cooperation.
Prestige: The respect or admiration granted to a person, group, or institution because of perceived status or achievement. Prestige is one possible basis of reputation, not the full range of collective judgment.
Reputational risk: The possibility that actions or events will damage an entity's standing among relevant audiences. The prospect of reputational loss can shape decisions before damage occurs.
Social network: A structure of people or groups connected by relationships or interactions. Networks carry reputational information between people who have not met directly.
Online marketplace: A digital platform where buyers and sellers exchange goods or services. Ratings help strangers assess sellers when transactions provide little prior knowledge.

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