Knowra Research integrity Research integrity Research integrity is the ethical and professional commitment to conducting, analyzing, and reporting research honestly, rigorously, and transparently.
Honesty : Honesty is the practice of representing facts, actions, and evidence truthfully. Accurate records and reports depend on truthful representation of methods and findings.
Responsible conduct of research : Responsible conduct of research is the practice of applying ethical and professional standards throughout research. It translates integrity principles into everyday decisions across the research process.
Hwang Woo-suk stem cell scandal : The Hwang Woo-suk stem cell scandal involved fabricated claims about cloned human embryonic stem-cell lines in papers published in 2004 and 2005. The case exposed fabrication and coercion within high-profile biomedical research.
Retraction : A retraction is a formal notice that a published scholarly work is unreliable or should not remain part of the literature as valid evidence. Retractions correct the record when serious errors or misconduct undermine findings.
Research ethics : Research ethics examines principles and rules governing research involving people, animals, and society. Ethical review protects participants while integrity also governs research conduct and reporting.
Data management plan : A data management plan describes how research data will be collected, documented, stored, shared, and preserved. Planning data stewardship supports traceable, secure, and transparent research.
Andrew Wakefield and the MMR vaccine controversy : The controversy followed a 1998 paper linking the MMR vaccine to autism, later retracted amid findings of serious ethical and reporting problems. The episode shows how flawed reporting can amplify public-health harm.
Expression of concern : An expression of concern is a journal notice alerting readers to unresolved questions about a published work. It can flag serious integrity concerns while an investigation remains incomplete.
Reproducibility : Reproducibility is the ability to obtain consistent results using the same data, methods, and analytical procedures. Transparent methods and records let others check whether reported analyses can be reproduced.
Peer review : Peer review is the evaluation of scholarly work by people with relevant expertise before or after publication. Independent scrutiny can identify weaknesses, though it cannot guarantee integrity.
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