Resorcinol

Resorcinol is benzene-1,3-diol, an aromatic compound with hydroxyl groups at positions 1 and 3. It is used in chemical synthesis, resin production, and topical medicines.

Phenols: Phenols are aromatic compounds with one or more hydroxyl groups bonded directly to an aromatic ring. Resorcinol is a dihydric member of this compound family.
Resorcinol–formaldehyde resin: Resorcinol–formaldehyde resin is a thermosetting polymer formed by reacting resorcinol with formaldehyde. Resorcinol supplies reactive sites for producing this durable adhesive resin.
Electrophilic aromatic substitution: Electrophilic aromatic substitution replaces a hydrogen on an aromatic ring with an electrophile while preserving aromaticity. Resorcinol’s hydroxyl groups activate its ring toward substitution reactions.
Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge: Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge was a German chemist who isolated several organic compounds from coal tar. Runge isolated resorcinol from galbanum resin in the nineteenth century.
Benzene: Benzene is a six-carbon aromatic hydrocarbon with a planar ring of delocalized electrons. Resorcinol’s ring framework is benzene with two hydrogens replaced by hydroxyl groups.
Tire cord adhesion: Tire cord adhesion is the bonding of reinforcing fibers to rubber in a tire. Resorcinol–formaldehyde systems help bond textile tire cords to rubber.
Hydrogen bonding: Hydrogen bonding is an attractive interaction involving a hydrogen bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom. Resorcinol’s hydroxyl groups form hydrogen bonds that influence its physical properties.
Coal tar: Coal tar is a complex mixture of chemicals produced during the destructive distillation of coal. Coal tar later became an important industrial source of resorcinol.
Hydroxyl group: A hydroxyl group is an oxygen atom bonded to hydrogen, written –OH. Two hydroxyl groups give resorcinol its characteristic chemical behavior.
Hair dye: Hair dye is a preparation that changes hair color through deposited pigments or chemical reactions within the hair shaft. Resorcinol has been used as a coupler in oxidative hair-color formulations.

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