Restitution

Restitution is a legal remedy that requires a person to return property or pay compensation to reverse an unjust gain or loss.

Restitution in contract law: A contract-law remedy that reverses benefits conferred when a contract is unenforceable, rescinded, or breached. It applies restitution to benefits transferred through a failed or broken agreement.
Compensatory damages: Monetary relief intended to place an injured party in the position they would have occupied without the wrong. Unlike restitution, this remedy measures the claimant's loss rather than the defendant's gain.
Criminal restitution: A court-ordered payment by an offender to compensate victims for losses caused by a crime. It applies restitution as part of sentencing to address victims' losses.
Equity: A body of legal principles and remedies developed to address limitations and rigidity in common-law rules. Equitable doctrines provide some routes for restitution beyond ordinary damages.
Victim compensation: Financial or other redress provided to people harmed by crime, misconduct, or disaster. Restitution orders are one legal route for compensating victims of crime.
Unjust enrichment: A legal principle requiring a person to return a benefit retained at another's expense without adequate legal justification. It supplies a common basis for restitution when retaining a benefit would be unjust.
Expectation damages: Contract damages that provide the value of the performance the promisee reasonably expected. They enforce the promised bargain, while restitution reverses benefits transferred.
Rescission: A remedy that cancels a contract and seeks to return the parties to their pre-contract positions. Restitution commonly accompanies cancellation to reverse benefits already exchanged.
Consideration: A bargained-for exchange of value that is generally required to make a promise enforceable as a contract. When an expected contractual exchange fails, restitution may address benefits already provided.
Asset recovery: The identification, seizure, and return or repatriation of assets linked to unlawful conduct. Restitution can return recovered assets to people or entities entitled to them.

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