Retail
Retail is the sale of goods or services directly to consumers for personal use, rather than for resale or commercial production.
Retail format: A store or sales-channel design that shapes how retailers present and sell products. Formats such as supermarkets and department stores organize the retail offer in distinct ways.
Brick-and-mortar retail: Retail conducted through physical shops where customers can browse or purchase in person. Physical stores remain a direct setting for product discovery, service, and transactions.
Wholesale: The sale of goods in quantity, usually to businesses that resell or use them commercially. Wholesale typically sells to intermediaries or business users, unlike retail's consumer-facing sale.
Shopping mall: A planned complex of retail stores and related businesses, usually organized around shared spaces. Malls concentrate many retail businesses into a shared destination and reshape shopping patterns.
Merchandising: The planning and presentation of products to encourage sales and meet customer demand. Product selection, placement, and presentation determine what shoppers encounter.
E-commerce: The buying and selling of goods or services through electronic networks, especially the internet. Online storefronts extend retail beyond the location and hours of physical shops.
Business-to-business: Commercial transactions between businesses rather than between a business and an individual consumer. The customer's role distinguishes business-to-business trade from retail.
High street: A principal shopping street in a town or city, lined with businesses and services. Retail stores help define the economic and social life of town centers.
Retail pricing: The methods retailers use to set and adjust prices for goods and services. Prices translate costs, competition, and demand into the terms of a sale.
Omnichannel retail: A retail strategy that integrates customer experiences across physical and digital channels. Retailers coordinate stores, websites, and apps to support connected shopping journeys.