Richard F. Outcault

Richard F. Outcault (1863–1928) was an American cartoonist who created The Yellow Kid and Buster Brown, helping establish the modern newspaper comic strip.

The Yellow Kid: A bald, big-eared child in a yellow nightshirt who became a landmark character in American newspaper comics. Outcault introduced the character in his cartoons of New York City slum life.
Comic strip: A sequence of related images, often with text, arranged to tell a story or deliver a joke. Outcault's recurring characters and sequential panels helped define this format in newspapers.
Thomas Nast: A German-American caricaturist whose political cartoons in Harper's Weekly shaped American public opinion in the nineteenth century. Nast's illustrated political satire preceded Outcault's work in mass-circulation newspapers.
Yellow journalism: A style of sensational newspaper reporting associated with fierce circulation competition in the late nineteenth century. The Yellow Kid's prominence in rival papers helped inspire the label for their sensational competition.
Buster Brown: A mischievous, wealthy boy whose adventures appeared in a popular American comic strip and later inspired commercial products. Outcault created this character after The Yellow Kid and built a new audience around his pranks.
Speech balloon: A graphic device that encloses dialogue and connects it to a speaker in a comic. Outcault experimented with placing words inside images rather than relying only on captions.
Joseph Pulitzer: A Hungarian-American newspaper publisher who built the New York World into a major mass-circulation paper. Pulitzer's newspaper published Outcault's early Hogan's Alley cartoons.
Comic book: A publication that presents stories primarily through sequential art, usually in a magazine-like format. Outcault's newspaper strips helped establish conventions later used by comic books.
Mickey Dugan: The Yellow Kid's original name in Richard F. Outcault's early Hogan's Alley cartoons. This name identifies the character before the yellow nightshirt made him famous.
Color printing: A printing process that reproduces images using multiple inks or color separations. The Yellow Kid's bright garment became a conspicuous feature of color newspaper supplements.

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