Rifle

A firearm designed to be aimed from the shoulder, with spiral grooves inside its barrel that impart spin to a projectile and stabilize its flight.

Rifling: Spiral grooves inside a firearm barrel that impart spin to a projectile. The grooves give a rifle’s projectile gyroscopic stability in flight.
Firearm: A portable weapon that launches a projectile through the force of expanding gases. A rifle is one shoulder-fired type of firearm.
Augustus H. G. F. von Steuben: A Prussian-born military officer who trained the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. His drill reforms shaped how American forces handled and fired weapons, including rifles.
Hunting rifle: A rifle designed or selected for taking game animals. Hunting rifles balance accuracy, portability, and cartridges suited to particular game.
Shotgun: A long firearm commonly designed to fire shotshells containing multiple pellets or a single slug. Its typical smoothbore and shotshell differ from the rifle’s rifled barrel and cartridge use.
Cartridge: An ammunition unit combining a case, primer, propellant, and projectile. A cartridge supplies and ignites the propellant that drives a rifle’s projectile.
Smoothbore: A barrel whose interior lacks spiral rifling grooves. Its defining barrel interior contrasts with a rifle’s rifled bore.
Baker rifle: A British flintlock rifle adopted by rifle regiments during the Napoleonic Wars. It became a notable military example of an accurate service rifle.
Sniper rifle: A precision rifle configured for military or law-enforcement use by trained marksmen. It adapts rifle accuracy to specialized operational roles.
Carbine: A shorter, lighter firearm derived from a longer rifle or designed for compact handling. It is a compact rifle form, often distinguished by its shorter barrel or overall length.

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