Rumi

Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī was a 13th-century Persian poet, Islamic jurist, and Sufi mystic. His major works include the Mas̱navī and lyric poems collected in the Dīvān of Shams.

Sufism: A diverse tradition of Islamic devotion and practice centered on spiritual purification and closeness to God. Its practices and teachings shape the mystical framework of Rumi’s poetry.
Mas̱navī: Rumi’s six-book Persian poem combines stories, Quranic interpretation, and spiritual instruction. It is his most extensive work of narrative and mystical teaching.
Shams of Tabriz: A wandering Sufi teacher whose encounter with Rumi transformed the poet’s life and work. Rumi’s lyric collection bears Shams’s name and gives voice to their spiritual bond.
Balkh: A historic city in present-day Afghanistan, associated in traditional biographies with Rumi’s birth. Rumi’s remembered origins connect his family history to this major Persian cultural center.
Mevlevi Order: A Sufi order founded by followers of Rumi and associated with the whirling sema ceremony. His descendants and disciples shaped a lasting religious community around his teachings.
Persian literature: Literature composed in Persian, spanning poetry, prose, and many centuries of cultural history. Rumi’s Persian-language works belong to this literary tradition.
Dīvān of Shams: A collection of lyric poems by Rumi, many bearing the name of Shams of Tabriz in their final couplets. Its ecstatic poems express the intense spiritual bond associated with Shams.
Sultan Walad: Rumi’s son and a Persian poet who helped establish the Mevlevi Sufi order. He preserved and carried forward his father’s teaching and community.
Konya: A city in present-day Turkey that became Rumi’s home and the center of his later life. He composed and taught in Konya under the Seljuk sultanate.
Whirling dervishes: Members of the Mevlevi order who perform a turning devotional ceremony called sema. Their public ceremonies have become a prominent image of Rumi’s spiritual legacy.

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