Rural-to-urban migration

Rural-to-urban migration is the movement of people from countryside settlements to towns and cities, whether temporary or permanent.

Push–pull migration theory: A framework explaining migration through pressures that encourage departure and attractions that draw people to destinations. It organizes the rural hardships and urban opportunities that influence this movement.
Megacity: A metropolitan area with a population of at least ten million people. Large rural inflows can contribute to the growth of metropolitan areas, though they are not the sole cause.
Internal migration: The movement of people from one place to another within the same country. Rural-to-urban movement is a major form of migration within national borders.
Urban-to-rural migration: The movement of people from towns and cities to countryside settlements. It reverses the direction that defines rural-to-urban migration.
Migration network: A set of social ties connecting migrants, potential migrants, and people in places of origin and destination. Existing urban contacts can reduce the costs and risks of moving from rural areas.
Informal settlement: A residential area where housing or land tenure lacks formal recognition or adequate infrastructure and services. Rapid arrival can outpace affordable housing and urban service provision.
Rural area: A settlement or region with low population density and predominantly non-urban land use. It is the place of origin in the movement described by this concept.
Rural-to-rural migration: The movement of people from one rural area to another. It shares a rural origin but does not have an urban destination.
Rural poverty: A condition in which people in rural areas lack sufficient income or access to essential resources and services. Limited livelihoods and services can press households to seek opportunities in cities.
Urban labor market: The system through which workers and employers in cities match labor supply with jobs and wages. New arrivals seek work within urban economies, often entering informal employment.

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