Russian invasion of East Prussia

A Russian military occupation of East Prussia during the Seven Years’ War, beginning in 1757 and ending with Russia’s withdrawal in 1762.

Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf: A 1757 battle in East Prussia in which Russian forces defeated a Prussian army. The victory opened the way for Russian forces to advance into East Prussia.
Seven Years’ War: A global conflict fought from 1756 to 1763 among shifting coalitions of European powers and their empires. The Russian occupation was one eastern theater of this wider war.
Stepan Fyodorovich Apraksin: Russian field marshal who commanded the army during its 1757 East Prussian campaign. He led the Russian forces that won at Gross-Jägersdorf and entered the province.
Königsberg: A Baltic city that served as East Prussia’s capital and principal administrative center. Russian occupation placed the province’s capital under foreign administration.
Siege of Memel: A 1757 Russian siege that captured the Prussian port of Memel. Its capture gave Russia a Baltic foothold before the advance inland.
Elizabeth of Russia: Empress of Russia from 1741 to 1762, whose government pursued war against Prussia. Her anti-Prussian policy sent Russian armies into East Prussia.
William Fermor: Russian general who commanded forces in the Seven Years’ War, including the 1758 campaign against Prussia. He directed the Russian army after Apraksin and fought at Zorndorf.
Russian ruble: The official currency of Russia, used in successive forms since the medieval period. Russian authorities introduced the ruble into occupied East Prussia’s financial administration.
Battle of Zorndorf: A costly 1758 battle between Russian and Prussian forces near Küstrin. The battle checked the Russian campaign after its occupation of East Prussia.
Diplomatic Revolution: The mid-eighteenth-century realignment that brought former rivals Austria and France into alliance and reshaped European diplomacy. It helped place Russia and Austria in a coalition against Prussia.

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