Saadi Sultanate

The Saadi Sultanate was a Moroccan state ruled by the Saadi dynasty from the sixteenth to the seventeenth century. It resisted Portuguese expansion and conquered the Songhai Empire.

Saadi dynasty: A Moroccan ruling dynasty that governed the country from the sixteenth to the seventeenth century. Its rulers established and governed the sultanate.
Ahmad al-Mansur: The Saadi sultan who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1603 and led the conquest of Songhai. His reign marked the sultanate’s greatest military and political reach.
Battle of Alcácer Quibir: A 1578 battle in northern Morocco in which Saadi forces defeated Portugal and its allies. The victory strengthened Saadi rule and checked Portugal’s ambitions in Morocco.
Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts: A series of military and political confrontations between Moroccan powers and Portugal over territory and influence. Saadi resistance helped end Portugal’s attempt to dominate Morocco.
Wattasid dynasty: A Moroccan dynasty that ruled much of the country before the Saadis. The Saadis displaced the weakened Wattasids and unified Morocco.
Abd al-Malik I: A Saadi sultan who ruled Morocco from 1576 to 1578 and died at the Battle of Alcácer Quibir. His victory secured Saadi rule before his successor’s expansion.
Battle of Tondibi: A 1591 battle in which a Saadi army defeated the Songhai Empire near Gao. It opened the way for Saadi occupation of Songhai’s major cities.
Pashalik of Timbuktu: A Saadi-administered territory in the Niger bend established after the 1591 invasion of Songhai. It was the institutional outcome of Saadi conquest in West Africa.
Portuguese Morocco: The network of Portuguese strongholds and claims along Morocco’s Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. Portuguese expansion helped rally support behind the Saadi rulers.
Ahmad al-Araj: A Saadi ruler of southern Morocco who helped build the dynasty’s power in the early sixteenth century. He led the Saadi rise before the dynasty secured the Moroccan throne.

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