Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is a state proclaimed by the Polisario Front in 1976, claiming sovereignty over Western Sahara. It is recognized by some countries, while Morocco controls most of the territory.

Spanish Sahara: Spanish Sahara was the territory administered by Spain that became the subject of competing sovereignty claims after Spain withdrew. The republic’s claim centers on the territory Spain relinquished in 1975.
Sahrawi refugee camps: Sahrawi refugee camps are settlements in southwestern Algeria that house people displaced by the Western Sahara conflict. The republic’s institutions operate largely among Sahrawis living in these camps.
Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara: Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara is Morocco’s claim that the territory forms part of its national territory. It directly conflicts with the republic’s claim to independent Sahrawi statehood.
Western Sahara conflict: The Western Sahara conflict is the dispute over the territory’s sovereignty involving Morocco, the Polisario Front, and other parties. The republic’s founding is a defining event in this unresolved conflict.
Madrid Accords: The 1975 agreements set terms for Spain’s withdrawal from its Saharan territory and its temporary administration by Morocco and Mauritania. They preceded the republic’s proclamation and left Sahrawi self-determination unresolved.
Tindouf: Tindouf is an Algerian city near the Sahrawi refugee camps and a center of the republic’s administration in exile. It is the main urban base for the republic’s leadership and institutions.
Autonomy proposal for Western Sahara: The Moroccan autonomy proposal offers Western Sahara self-government under Moroccan sovereignty. It offers a political settlement that rejects the republic’s claim to full independence.
Sahrawi people: The Sahrawi are a people native to Western Sahara and neighboring areas, with a distinct cultural and political identity. The republic claims to represent their right to self-determination.
Polisario Front: The Polisario Front is a Sahrawi nationalist movement founded in 1973 to seek independence for Western Sahara. It proclaimed the republic and remains its governing political movement.
SADR Constitution: The SADR Constitution is the foundational legal text establishing the republic’s state institutions and political framework. It sets out the formal structure behind the republic’s claim to statehood.

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