Sam Houston

Sam Houston (1793–1863) was an American military leader and politician who led Texas during its revolution and served as its president, senator, and governor.

Stephen F. Austin: An American empresario who helped establish Anglo-American settlements in Mexican Texas and became a leader of the Texas independence movement. Austin and Houston were leading figures in the movement that established the Republic of Texas.
Battle of San Jacinto: The 1836 battle in which Texian forces defeated the Mexican army and captured Santa Anna. Houston commanded the decisive surprise attack that secured Texas independence.
Runaway Scrape: The 1836 flight of Texian civilians eastward as the Mexican army advanced during the Texas Revolution. Houston’s retreat accompanied the civilian flight and helped preserve his army.
Texas statehood: The admission of Texas to the United States as the twenty-eighth state in 1845. Houston’s support for annexation helped shape the transition from republic to state.
Davy Crockett: An American frontiersman, politician, and soldier who died defending the Alamo in 1836. Crockett’s death at the Alamo became part of the revolution Houston led.
Battle of the Alamo: The 1836 siege and defeat of Texian defenders by Mexican forces in San Antonio. The Alamo’s fall prompted Houston’s retreat and influenced the campaign leading to San Jacinto.
Treaties of Velasco: The 1836 agreements Santa Anna signed after his capture, covering an armistice and the withdrawal of Mexican forces. Houston’s victory gave Texas leverage for the agreements, though Mexico did not recognize them.
Compromise of 1850: A set of U.S. laws that addressed slavery and territorial disputes after the Mexican–American War. As a senator, Houston supported the compromise as a way to preserve the Union.
Antonio López de Santa Anna: A Mexican military officer and politician who served multiple terms as president of Mexico. Houston’s forces defeated Santa Anna’s army at San Jacinto and captured him.
Texas Revolution: The 1835–1836 rebellion in which Texian settlers and Tejanos won independence from Mexico. Houston’s military command and political leadership were central to the revolution’s outcome.

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