Second Matabele War

The 1896–1897 uprising against British South Africa Company rule in present-day Zimbabwe, involving Ndebele and Shona communities. It combined Ndebele resistance with the Shona uprising that followed.

Ndebele uprising of 1896: The 1896–1897 armed revolt by Ndebele communities against British South Africa Company rule in Matabeleland. It formed the war’s initial phase, beginning in March 1896.
First Matabele War: The 1893 conflict in which British South Africa Company forces defeated the Ndebele kingdom. Its defeat dismantled Ndebele sovereignty before the later uprising.
Lobengula: The second and last king of the Ndebele Kingdom, who ruled from 1868 until his disappearance in 1894. His disappearance after the Company conquest left a contested political legacy.
Southern Rhodesia: A British colony in southern Africa, established as a self-governing colony in 1923 and now part of Zimbabwe. Company victory consolidated the colonial territory that later bore this name.
Shona uprising of 1896–1897: The 1896–1897 revolt by Shona communities against British South Africa Company rule in Mashonaland. It broadened the conflict after the Ndebele revolt had begun.
Ndebele Kingdom: A nineteenth-century African kingdom founded by Mzilikazi in the region now divided between Zimbabwe and South Africa. Its political order and authority were profoundly disrupted after the Company’s conquest.
Mlimo: A spiritual figure associated with Ndebele religious authority during the 1896 uprising. Company officials identified him as a central influence on the revolt.
Zimbabwean land reform: Policies and processes concerning the redistribution of land in Zimbabwe, especially after independence. Colonial land seizures that fueled the uprising remained a central issue in later land politics.
Matobo Hills: A granite hill region in southwestern Zimbabwe, known for its caves, boulders, and cultural significance. Ndebele fighters used the hills as a stronghold during the uprising.
Land dispossession in Southern Rhodesia: The colonial seizure and allocation of African land in the territory later known as Southern Rhodesia. Confiscation of land intensified opposition to Company rule.

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