Knowra Secretome Secretome The secretome is the set of molecules released by a cell, tissue, or organism under particular conditions, especially proteins. Its composition changes with cell type and physiological state.
Signal peptide : A short amino-acid sequence that directs a newly made protein to a cellular destination, often secretion. Many secreted proteins use this sequence to enter the endoplasmic-reticulum pathway.
Secreted protein : A protein released from a cell or delivered to an extracellular space or lumen. Secreted proteins form a major, but not exclusive, part of the secretome.
Cytokine : A small signaling protein that regulates immune responses and other cellular activities. Cytokines are secreted signals frequently measured in immune-cell secretomes.
Transcriptome : The complete set of RNA transcripts produced by a cell or organism under specified conditions. RNA abundance does not directly specify which proteins are secreted or persist outside cells.
Endoplasmic reticulum : A membrane network where cells synthesize, fold, and modify proteins and lipids. Secreted proteins commonly enter this organelle for folding and early modification.
Extracellular matrix : A network of proteins and other molecules outside cells that provides structural and biochemical support. Matrix proteins can be secreted and retained near the cells that produce them.
Paracrine signaling : Cell communication in which signals act on nearby cells. Secreted molecules can shape neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream.
Exosome : A small extracellular vesicle formed within endosomal compartments and released when they fuse with the cell membrane. Exosomes are one carrier class, not the whole set of secreted molecules.
Golgi apparatus : A cellular organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for delivery. It sorts many secreted proteins into vesicles bound for the cell surface.
Proteomics : The large-scale study of proteins, including their abundance, structure, and interactions. Secretome studies often use proteomic methods to identify and quantify proteins.
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