Selenga River

The Selenga is a major river flowing from Mongolia into Russia, where it empties into Lake Baikal. It is the lake’s largest tributary by water volume.

Lake Baikal: A deep freshwater lake in southeastern Siberia, Russia, and the world’s largest lake by volume. The Selenga delivers most of the river water entering this lake.
Khangai Mountains: A mountain range in central Mongolia that supplies headwaters to several major rivers. The Selenga’s principal headstream, the Ider, rises in this range.
Ulaanbaatar: The capital and largest city of Mongolia, situated on the Tuul River. Its water demand and wastewater discharges affect a major tributary of the Selenga.
Lake Baikal basin: The watershed that drains into Lake Baikal, including the Selenga basin. The Selenga is the largest river system feeding this wider watershed’s central lake.
Orkhon River: A river in central Mongolia that flows north into the Selenga. It is the Selenga’s largest tributary and drains much of central Mongolia.
Ider River: A river in northwestern Mongolia that joins the Delger Muron to form the Selenga. It is one of the two rivers whose confluence begins the Selenga proper.
Tuul River: A river flowing through Ulaanbaatar that joins the Orkhon River in northern Mongolia. Urban pressures on the Tuul reach the Selenga through the Orkhon.
Eutrophication: The enrichment of water with nutrients that can drive excessive algae growth and oxygen depletion. Nutrient pollution carried by the Selenga can contribute to ecological change near Baikal’s shore.
Chikoy River: A river rising in Mongolia and flowing into the Selenga in Russia. Its waters join the Selenga downstream of the Mongolian border.
Delger Muron: A river in northern Mongolia that joins the Ider to form the Selenga. Its meeting with the Ider marks the Selenga’s origin.

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Baikal Rift ZoneRelated: It supplies most of the lake’s river inflow and drains a large part of the rift region.