Seleucid era

The Seleucid era is a year-counting system beginning in 312 or 311 BCE, used in the Seleucid Empire and later in parts of the Near East.

Babylonian calendar: An ancient lunisolar calendar used in Babylonia, with months beginning at the first visibility of the new crescent. Babylonian records often pair Seleucid-era years with this calendar’s lunar months.
Seleucus I Nicator: A Macedonian general of Alexander the Great who founded the Seleucid dynasty and ruled from 305 to 281 BCE. The era’s name preserves the dynasty established by Seleucus.
Babylonian astronomical diaries: Cuneiform records combining astronomical observations with reports of political, economic, and social events. Their dated entries document Seleucid-era year numbering in Babylon.
Alexander era: A year-counting system associated with Alexander the Great’s conquest of the Persian Empire. It offers a rival Hellenistic epoch for dating events in the eastern Mediterranean and Asia.
Macedonian calendar: An ancient lunisolar calendar used in Macedonia and adapted in Hellenistic territories. Macedonian month names and year starts shaped Seleucid-era dating in some regions.
Babylonian War: A conflict from 311 to 309 BCE in which Seleucus I secured control of Babylonia against Antigonus I. The era’s conventional beginning coincides with Seleucus’s return to Babylonia.
Maccabean Revolt: A Jewish uprising against Seleucid rule in Judea, beginning in 167 BCE. The revolt’s sources use Seleucid regnal and era dates to anchor events.
Olympiad: A four-year period in the ancient Greek system of dating years by successive Olympic Games. Greek historians could date the same events by Olympiads rather than Seleucid years.
Era (chronology): A system for numbering years from a designated chronological starting point. The Seleucid system is one of antiquity’s durable political eras.
Partition of Babylon: The 323 BCE division of Alexander the Great’s empire among his leading generals after his death. The successor struggles created the political setting from which Seleucid rule emerged.

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