Semibatch reactor

A reactor in which some reactants are charged initially while others are added or products removed during operation, without continuous flow of all materials.

Batch reactor: A reactor charged with reactants before operation, with no material entering or leaving during the reaction. It provides the closed-system baseline that semibatch operation modifies.
Fed-batch culture: A cultivation process that begins with an initial charge and adds nutrients over time without continuous broth removal. It applies semibatch feeding to control microbial growth and nutrient availability.
Plug flow reactor: A continuous reactor in which fluid moves through a tube with idealized axial flow and little back-mixing. It represents continuous-throughput operation rather than staged charging or addition.
Chemical reactor: Equipment in which chemical reactions are carried out under controlled conditions. A semibatch reactor is one operating mode within this broader equipment class.
Continuous stirred-tank reactor: A well-mixed reactor with continuous feed and product withdrawal, typically operating at steady state. Unlike a semibatch vessel, it maintains continuous flow through the reactor.
Semi-batch polymerization: Polymer production in a vessel where one or more monomers are added during the reaction. Staged monomer addition can manage heat release and polymer properties.
Semi-continuous process: A process that combines continuous operations with batch or intermittent operations. The broader process category includes semibatch reactors and related arrangements.
Mixing: The process of distributing materials through a fluid or mixture to reduce spatial differences in composition or temperature. Adequate mixing prevents locally concentrated feeds from creating unwanted reactions.
Material balance: An accounting equation relating material accumulation to inflows, outflows, generation, and consumption. Its accumulation term captures changing inventory during feed or withdrawal.
Emulsion polymerization: A polymerization process in which monomers react in an aqueous dispersion stabilized by surfactants. Semibatch feeding is widely used to regulate monomer concentration and particle formation.

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