Shareholder

A person or organization that owns shares in a company. Share ownership can carry voting rights, claims on distributions, and exposure to changes in the shares’ value.

Share (finance): A unit of ownership in a company, often carrying rights to vote or receive distributions. A shareholder’s ownership is represented by one or more of these units.
Shareholder voting: The exercise of voting rights attached to shares on company matters. Votes let shareholders influence directors and certain major decisions.
Bondholder: An investor who owns a company’s debt securities and is entitled to repayment under their terms. Bondholders are creditors, unlike shareholders, who hold residual ownership claims.
Corporate governance: The structures and processes through which a company is directed, monitored, and held accountable. Shareholders participate in governance through voting and other legal rights.
Stock corporation: A company whose ownership is divided into transferable shares. This corporate form makes share ownership possible.
Dividend: A distribution of company profits or reserves to shareholders, usually in cash or additional shares. Dividends are one way shareholders may receive value from ownership.
Preferred stock: A class of shares that typically receives specified priority over common shares for dividends or liquidation proceeds. Its priority rights distinguish preferred shareholders from common shareholders.
Institutional investor: An organization that invests pooled funds or assets in financial markets on behalf of clients or beneficiaries. Large institutional shareholders can exert substantial voting and stewardship influence.
Equity (finance): An ownership interest in an entity, representing a residual claim on its assets and earnings. Shares give shareholders an equity interest rather than a fixed repayment claim.
Capital gain: A profit realized when an asset is sold for more than its acquisition cost. A shareholder can realize a gain by selling shares at a higher price.

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