Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was the Bengali nationalist leader who led Bangladesh’s independence movement and became its first president and prime minister.

Partition of India: The 1947 division of British India into the independent states of India and Pakistan. The partition placed East Bengal in Pakistan, creating the political setting for his early activism.
1970 Pakistani general election: Pakistan’s first general election under universal adult franchise, won nationally by the Awami League. The party’s majority gave Mujib a democratic mandate to form Pakistan’s government.
Constitution of Bangladesh: The supreme law adopted in 1972 that established Bangladesh’s constitutional framework. The founding constitution reflected the principles promoted under Mujib’s government.
Tajuddin Ahmad: A Bengali politician who served as prime minister of Bangladesh’s wartime government. He led the provisional government while Mujib was detained in Pakistan.
Bengali Language Movement: A movement that secured recognition of Bengali as a state language of Pakistan. Its defense of Bengali helped shape the linguistic nationalism that Mujib later led.
Non-cooperation movement in Bangladesh: The 1971 campaign of civil disobedience that challenged Pakistani authority in East Pakistan. Mujib directed administration and resistance after Pakistan’s rulers postponed transferring power.
Bangladesh famine of 1974: A severe food crisis in Bangladesh that caused widespread hunger and death in 1974. The famine deepened criticism of Mujib’s government during the country’s early years.
Ziaur Rahman: A Bangladeshi military officer and politician who became president after the 1975 coups. His later rise followed the overthrow and assassination of Mujib.
Awami League: A Bangladeshi political party founded in 1949 as the East Pakistan Awami Muslim League. Mujib rose through the party and made it the chief vehicle of Bengali autonomy.
7 March Speech: Mujib’s 1971 speech calling for resistance and preparing Bengalis for independence. Its call to prepare for struggle mobilized the population before the crackdown.

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