Shimon Peres

Shimon Peres (1923–2016) was an Israeli statesman who served as prime minister and president. He shared the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize for efforts toward peace in the Middle East.

David Ben-Gurion: A principal founder of Israel who served as its first prime minister and defense minister. Ben-Gurion recruited Peres into defense leadership and became his political mentor.
Oslo Accords: A set of agreements between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization that established limited Palestinian self-government. Peres helped secure the secret negotiations that led to the 1993 agreement.
Prime Minister of Israel: The head of government of Israel, appointed through the country’s parliamentary system. Peres served as prime minister in 1984–1986 and 1995–1996.
Israeli–Palestinian conflict: The political and national conflict between Israelis and Palestinians over land, sovereignty, security, and rights. Peres’s peace initiatives sought a negotiated settlement but did not end the conflict.
Yitzhak Rabin: An Israeli military commander and politician who served twice as prime minister. Rabin shared the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize with Peres and Yasser Arafat.
Nobel Peace Prize: An annual international award established by Alfred Nobel for work toward peace. Peres shared the 1994 award with Rabin and Arafat for Middle East peace efforts.
President of Israel: Israel’s largely ceremonial head of state, elected by the Knesset for a fixed term. Peres held the presidency from 2007 to 2014 after decades in executive politics.
Israeli settlement: An Israeli civilian community established in territory captured by Israel in 1967. Settlement expansion continued during Peres’s premiership, complicating the peace process he championed.
Yasser Arafat: A Palestinian political leader who headed the Palestine Liberation Organization and later the Palestinian Authority. Peres negotiated with Arafat in the secret talks that produced the Oslo Accords.
Israeli nuclear program: Israel’s undeclared effort to develop and maintain nuclear capabilities. As a young defense official, Peres helped build the strategic partnership and infrastructure associated with Dimona.

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