Shoku Nihongi

An imperial Japanese chronicle compiled in the eighth century, covering events from 697 to 791. It is a major source for the politics, institutions, and society of early Japan.

Rikkokushi: The six official national histories compiled in Japan from the eighth through ninth centuries. Shoku Nihongi is the second chronicle in this sequence of official histories.
Imperial Japanese court: The emperor-centered institution that governed Japan and organized aristocratic political life. Court events and decisions provide the chronicle's organizing subject.
Emperor Monmu: The Japanese emperor whose reign lasted from 697 to 707. His accession marks the beginning of the chronicle's coverage.
Japanese historiography: The study and writing of history in Japan across different periods and traditions. The chronicle is a foundational source whose authority later historians assess.
Nihon Shoki: An eighth-century chronicle of Japan, completed in 720 and extending from mythical origins to 697. It ends where Shoku Nihongi begins, linking the two chronicles' coverage.
Japanese era name: A name assigned to a period of imperial rule, commonly used to date events in Japan. Era changes divide and date the chronicle's entries.
Empress Genmei: The Japanese sovereign who ruled from 707 to 715 and founded the capital at Nara. Her reign anchors accounts of the court's move to Nara and early Nara rule.
Shoku Nihongi manuscript tradition: The surviving copies and textual transmission through which Shoku Nihongi is known. Textual variants and losses affect how its original wording can be reconstructed.
Kojiki: An account of Japan's myths, genealogies, and early history, completed in 712. Its myth-centered narrative contrasts with Shoku Nihongi's year-by-year court record.
Court rank in Japan: A formal hierarchy that assigned status and precedence to members of the Japanese court. Rank shaped the appointments and ceremonies recorded in its annals.

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