Shoplifting

Shoplifting is the theft of merchandise from a retail establishment, typically by taking goods without paying. It can involve concealment, switching labels, or leaving with unpaid items.

Retail loss prevention: Policies, staff practices, and technologies used to reduce theft and other inventory losses in retail businesses. Stores use these measures to deter shoplifting and detect unpaid merchandise.
Theft: The unlawful taking of another person's property with intent to deprive them of it. Shoplifting is a retail-specific form of theft.
Department store: A large retail store organized into departments selling different categories of goods. Open displays in department stores changed how customers encountered merchandise and how theft was policed.
Employee theft: The unauthorized taking of an employer's property by someone who works for that employer. Unlike shoplifting, employee theft is committed by someone with an employment relationship to the retailer.
Shoplifting addiction: A colloquial term for recurrent shoplifting associated with psychological distress or impaired impulse control; it is not a formal diagnosis. The phrase is often used to discuss repeated theft, but does not explain most shoplifting.
Electronic article surveillance: A system that uses tagged merchandise and detection gates to alert staff when protected items leave a store. Security tags and exit gates are a common technical response to shoplifting.
Criminal law: The body of law that defines crimes, establishes penalties, and governs criminal proceedings. Whether conduct counts as shoplifting and what follows depend on criminal law.
Self-service retail: A retail model in which customers select goods from accessible displays and bring them to checkout. Self-service made merchandise directly accessible, reshaping opportunities for and anxieties about theft.
Robbery: The taking of property from a person through force or threat, as defined by jurisdictional law. Shoplifting generally involves taking merchandise without the direct force against a person that characterizes robbery.
Kleptomania: A mental disorder marked by recurrent failure to resist urges to steal items not needed for personal use or monetary value. Kleptomania is a specific clinical condition, not a synonym for shoplifting.

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