Short Message Service

Short Message Service (SMS) is a mobile communications service for sending and receiving short text messages over cellular networks. It can operate independently of mobile data and internet access.

SMS center: A network service that stores and forwards SMS messages between mobile devices. It routes messages and can hold them until a recipient becomes reachable.
Friedhelm Hillebrand: A German telecommunications engineer who helped develop the SMS standard. His work helped define the service's early technical requirements.
Two-factor authentication: An authentication method that requires two distinct forms of evidence to verify identity. Web services often send one-time codes by SMS as a second verification step.
Rich Communication Services: A carrier-supported messaging standard that adds features such as typing indicators and high-resolution media. RCS offers richer conversations while retaining integration with mobile operators.
Text messaging: The exchange of written messages through electronic communication systems. SMS made text messaging a standard feature of mobile phones.
Store and forward: A communication method that temporarily stores a message before delivering it to its destination. SMS centers use this method when a recipient is unavailable.
Bernard Ghillebaert: A telecommunications engineer who contributed to the development of SMS within GSM. He worked with Hillebrand on proposals that shaped the service.
Short codes: Abbreviated telephone numbers used for services such as voting, alerts, and marketing messages. Organizations use them to exchange texts with many users at scale.
Instant messaging: Real-time exchange of messages through networked software and services. SMS is one form of mobile messaging, while many alternatives use internet connections.
Mobile phone culture: Social practices and norms shaped by widespread use of mobile phones. SMS enabled discreet, asynchronous communication throughout daily life.

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