Shoshenq I

Shoshenq I was an Egyptian pharaoh who founded the Twenty-second Dynasty and ruled in the 10th century BCE. His campaign into the Levant is recorded in Egyptian inscriptions and may correspond to the biblical account of Pharaoh Shishak.

Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt: An ancient Egyptian dynasty founded by Shoshenq I and ruled by Libyan-descended kings. Shoshenq established this dynasty after the political order of the New Kingdom had fragmented.
Bubastite Portal: A monumental gateway at Karnak bearing reliefs and inscriptions from Shoshenq I’s reign. Its reliefs preserve the principal Egyptian account of his Levantine campaign.
Shoshenq I's Levantine campaign: A military expedition by Shoshenq I into the Levant, recorded in Egyptian inscriptions. This campaign is the best-known event of his reign beyond Egypt.
Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt: A later Egyptian dynasty whose rulers held power during the Third Intermediate Period. Regional divisions after Shoshenq’s dynasty contributed to a succession of competing dynastic centers.
Libu: An ancient Libyan people known from Egyptian records and associated with migrations into the Nile Delta. Shoshenq belonged to a Libyan-descended ruling family established in Egypt.
Karnak: A vast ancient Egyptian temple complex at Thebes, dedicated chiefly to Amun. Shoshenq used construction and inscriptions there to display royal power.
Bubastite List: A list of place names associated with Shoshenq I’s campaign, carved at Karnak. Its named places are central evidence for reconstructing the expedition’s route and reach.
Takelot I: A pharaoh of the Twenty-second Dynasty who succeeded Osorkon I. His reign continued the dynasty Shoshenq founded.
Meshwesh: An ancient Libyan people whose members served in Egypt and eventually held royal power. His family’s Libyan ancestry is commonly linked to the Meshwesh.
Amun: A major Egyptian deity who became the principal god of the Theban state. Shoshenq’s monumental work at Karnak honored Amun and associated his kingship with the god.

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