Siberian crane

The Siberian crane is a large, critically endangered migratory crane that breeds in Arctic Russia. Its western population winters in Iran, while its eastern population winters mainly in China.

Migration of birds: The regular seasonal movement of birds between breeding and nonbreeding areas. Its long journeys connect Arctic breeding grounds with distant wintering wetlands.
Gruidae: The bird family comprising cranes, including 15 living species. The Siberian crane is one of the family’s most specialized migratory members.
Western Siberian crane population: The western population of Siberian cranes, which migrates from Arctic Russia to Iran. This small population follows a migration route distinct from the eastern birds.
Endangered species: A species facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. The Siberian crane’s small, declining populations place it among the most threatened birds.
International Crane Foundation: A conservation organization founded in 1973 to study and protect cranes and their habitats. It has supported research and conservation efforts for this endangered crane.
Crane (bird): A long-legged, long-necked bird in the family Gruidae. This broader group provides the body plan and behavior shared by the Siberian crane.
Eastern Siberian crane population: The largest population of Siberian cranes, breeding in northeastern Siberia and wintering in China. Its winter concentration at Poyang Lake makes it central to species recovery.
Habitat fragmentation: The division of continuous habitat into smaller, isolated patches. Infrastructure and land conversion can disrupt wetlands used along migration routes.
Convention on Migratory Species: A United Nations treaty promoting international cooperation to conserve migratory wild animals. The crane’s range crosses national borders, requiring coordinated protection.
Arctic tundra: A treeless biome of cold, permafrost-affected regions at high northern latitudes. Its remote breeding grounds lie in Arctic tundra wetlands.

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