Sierra Madre de Oaxaca

The Sierra Madre de Oaxaca is a mountain range in southern Mexico that crosses much of Oaxaca state and forms part of Mexico’s Sierra Madre system.

Oaxaca: A state in southern Mexico, bordered by the Pacific Ocean and several other Mexican states. The mountain range crosses much of this state and helps define its varied terrain.
Oaxaca River: A river system draining parts of the central valleys of Oaxaca toward the Pacific lowlands. Mountain slopes divide and feed drainage routes flowing toward the Oaxaca Valley and surrounding lowlands.
Oaxaca montane forests: Montane forest habitats of Oaxaca, including pine-oak and cloud forests. These forests cover major parts of the range and vary with elevation and moisture.
Cerro Zempoaltépetl: A prominent mountain peak in Oaxaca, associated with the Mixe highlands. It is one of the range’s best-known high elevations and a landmark of the Mixe region.
Sierra Madre: A system of major mountain ranges extending through Mexico and into parts of Central America. The Sierra Madre de Oaxaca is one range within this broader mountain system.
Papaloapan River: A major river system in southeastern Mexico flowing northward to the Gulf of Mexico. The range’s northern slopes contribute to watersheds that drain toward the Papaloapan basin.
Mexican pine-oak forests: Temperate forests in Mexico dominated by combinations of pine and oak species. Pine-oak woodland is a characteristic habitat across many elevations of the range.
Benito Juárez National Park: A protected area in Oaxaca’s Sierra de Juárez, near Oaxaca City. The park conserves forested mountain terrain within the range.
Sierra Madre del Sur: A mountain range running along southern Mexico, chiefly parallel to the Pacific coast. It lies south of the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca and belongs to the same regional mountain system.
Cloud forest: A montane forest ecosystem sustained by frequent cloud immersion and high moisture. Moist air rising over the range supports cloud forests on suitable slopes.

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