Silver chloride

Silver chloride (AgCl) is a sparingly water-soluble ionic compound that darkens under light as it decomposes into silver and chlorine-containing products.

Photodecomposition: A chemical reaction in which light causes a substance to break down. Light exposure can decompose AgCl, producing dark metallic silver.
Photographic film: A light-sensitive film that records images through chemical changes in an emulsion. AgCl has served as a photosensitive component in photographic materials.
Johann Heinrich Schulze: An 18th-century German professor who demonstrated that light, rather than heat, darkens silver salts. His experiments with silver chloride helped establish its light sensitivity.
Silver bromide: A sparingly soluble silver halide with formula AgBr and strong photosensitivity. AgBr is generally more light-sensitive and was preferred for many photographic emulsions.
Silver halide: A family of silver compounds containing fluoride, chloride, bromide, or iodide ions. AgCl belongs to this light-sensitive family, whose members differ in solubility and photographic behavior.
Photographic emulsion: A dispersion of light-sensitive silver halide crystals in gelatin or another binder. AgCl crystals can be incorporated into emulsions that capture light exposure.
Thomas Wedgwood: An English experimenter who attempted to make images using light-sensitive silver salts around 1800. His image-making trials used silver compounds including silver chloride.
Silver iodide: A poorly soluble silver halide with formula AgI. Its lower solubility and distinct photochemistry contrast with AgCl.
Solubility product: The equilibrium constant describing the dissolution of a sparingly soluble ionic solid. The low solubility of AgCl is quantified by its solubility product.
Argentometric titration: A titration method that determines analyte concentration using silver ions and precipitation reactions. Silver ions quantify chloride by precipitating it as AgCl.

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