Sima Yi

Sima Yi was a general and statesman of Cao Wei who secured his family's control of the state, enabling the Jin dynasty's founding. His descendants posthumously honored him as an emperor and dynastic founder.

Cao Wei: A state of the Three Kingdoms period ruled by the Cao family from 220 to 266. Sima Yi served Wei's rulers before his family took control of the state.
Incident at Gaoping Tombs: A 249 coup in which Sima Yi removed Cao Shuang from power and secured control of Cao Wei. This decisive seizure made Sima Yi the dominant figure at the Wei court.
Sima Yan: Sima Yi's grandson, who founded the Jin dynasty as Emperor Wu and reunified China in 280. He converted the family's accumulated power into a new dynasty.
Battle of Wuzhang Plains: A 234 campaign in which Wei forces under Sima Yi faced Shu forces led by Zhuge Liang. The prolonged standoff became the defining military encounter between the two commanders.
Cao Cao: A Han dynasty warlord who laid the foundations for the state of Cao Wei. Sima Yi entered government under Cao Cao and later served his descendants.
Sima Shi: Sima Yi's eldest son, who succeeded him as Cao Wei's leading power-holder and suppressed opposition to the Sima clan. He consolidated the control his father had seized.
Zhuge Liang: A Shu Han statesman and military commander who led campaigns against Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. His northern expeditions made him Sima Yi's best-known military opponent.
Liaodong campaign (238): A Cao Wei expedition led by Sima Yi that defeated Gongsun Yuan's regime in Liaodong in 238. This campaign demonstrated his command beyond the central Chinese court.
Three Kingdoms: A period of Chinese history, conventionally dated 220–280, when Wei, Shu, and Wu competed for supremacy. Sima Yi's career unfolded amid this division of China.
Sima Zhao: Sima Yi's younger son, who dominated Cao Wei and prepared the way for his son to found the Jin dynasty. His rule carried the family's ascendancy toward dynastic change.

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